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Volumes used in this protocol are for 75 cm² flasks; proportionally reduce or increase amount of dissociation medium for culture vessels of other sizes. The suspended cells are viable and can be used to start new cultures.

1. To subculture attached cells, briefly rinse the cell layer with 0.25% (w/v) Trypsin-0.53 mM EDTA solution to remove all traces of serum, which contains trypsin inhibitor.
2. Observe cells under an inverted microscope until cell layer is dispersed.
   Note: To avoid clumping do not agitate the cells by hitting or shaking the flask while waiting for the cells to detach.  Cells that are difficult to detach may be placed at 37°C to facilitate dispersal.
3. Add 6.0 to 8.0 ml of complete growth medium and aspirate cells by gently pipetting. 
4. Add appropriate aliquots of cell suspension to new culture vessels.
5. Place culture vessels in incubators at 37°C.

Subcultivation Ratio: 1:4 to 1:12
Medium Renewal: Two times weekly

Note: For more information on enzymatic dissociation and subculturing of cell lines consult Chapter 13 in Culture Of Animal Cells: A Manual Of Basic Technique by R. Ian Freshney, 5th edition, published by Wiley-Liss, N.Y., 2005.  

Complete growth medium described above supplemented with 5% (v/v) DMSO.  Cell culture tested DMSO is available as ATCC Catalog No. 4-X.

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Thompson LH, et al. Genetic diversity of UV-sensitive DNA repair mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78: 3734-3737, 1981. PubMed: 6943579

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Busch D, et al. Summary of complementation groups of UV-sensitive CHO cell mutants isolated by large-scale screening. Mutagenesis 4: 349-354, 1989. PubMed: 2687628

Reardon JT, et al. Isolation and characterization of two human transcription factor IIH (TFIIH)-related complexes: ERCC2/CAKand TFIIH. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 6482-6487, 1996. PubMed: 8692841

Thompson LH, et al. Hypersensitivity to mutation and sister-chromatid-exchange induction in CHO cell mutants defective in incising DNA containing UV lesions. Somatic Cell Genet. 8: 759-773, 1982. PubMed: 7163954

. Cellular responses to DNA damage. New York: Liss; 1983.

Bessho T, et al. Initiation of DNA interstrand cross-link repair in humans: the nucleotide excision repair system makes dual incisions 5" to the cross-linked base and removes a 22- to 28-nucleotide-long damage-free strand. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 6822-6830, 1997. PubMed: 9372913

Hay, R. J., Caputo, J. L., and Macy, M. L., Eds. (1992), ATCC Quality Control Methods for Cell Lines. 2nd edition, Published by ATCC.

Caputo, J. L., Biosafety procedures in cell culture. J. Tissue Culture Methods 11:223-227, 1988.

Fleming, D.O., Richardson, J. H., Tulis, J.J. and Vesley, D., (1995) Laboratory Safety: Principles and Practice. Second edition, ASM press, Washington, DC.